cancer rates among vegans

Diet, nutrition and the prevention of cancer. Am J Clin Nutr. Not cited. Notify me of followup comments via e-mail. Key TJ, Thorogood M, Appleby PN, Burr ML. Key, 2009a. All rights reserved. Not cited. 1999 Sep;70(3 Suppl):532S-538S. 2):3513-22. Key, 2014. Am J Clin Nutr. Sanjoaquin, 2004. 2015 Nov 11. Key TJ, Schatzkin A, Willett WC, Allen NE, Spencer EA, Travis RC. Br J Nutr. Penniecook-Sawyers, 2016. Gilsing AM, Schouten LJ, Goldbohm RA, Dagnelie PC, van den Brandt PA, Weijenberg MP. The tables below do not include the results of the 2014 EPIC-Oxford (Key, 2014) or 2015 EPIC-Oxford (Appleby, 2016) reports. Vegetarianism, low meat consumption and the risk of colorectal cancer in a population based cohort study. 1998 Oct 15;148(8):761-74. A prospective study of vegetarianism and isoflavone intake in relation to breast cancer risk in British women. daily. Dietary habits and mortality in 11,000 vegetarians and health conscious people: results of a 17 year follow up. Erratum in: Br J Cancer. Travis RC, Allen NE, Appleby PN, Spencer EA, Roddam AW, Key TJ. J Am Diet Assoc. Bone fracture rates in lacto-ovo-vegetarians may be similar to those in non-vegetarians, but more data on this are needed; fracture rates are higher in vegans if they have inadequate intakes of calcium. 1994 Jul;43(3):276-80. Vegetarianism, low meat consumption and the risk of colorectal cancer in a population based cohort study. Lifelong vegetarianism and breast cancer risk: a large multicentre case control study in India. Mills PK, Beeson WL, Phillips RL, Fraser GE. Taylor EF, Burley VJ, Greenwood DC, Cade JE. 1994 Jul;70(1):129-32. Int J Cancer. Required fields are marked *. BMC Womens Health. Table 3 shows one study that found a higher risk of colorectal cancer for vegetarians and one study that found a lower risk. Rao, 1994a. [Epub ahead of print]. Mills, 1989. This article will address the subject of cancer rates in vegetarians. Lancet. Animal product consumption and mortality because of all causes combined, coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and cancer in Seventh-day Adventists. Int J Epidemiol. Am J Clin Nutr 2009;89(suppl):1S-7S. Epub 2009 Jun 16. Vegetarian dietary patterns and the risk of breast cancer in a low-risk population. Key TJ, Appleby PN, Davey GK, Allen NE, Spencer EA, Travis RC. Sitemap, Best Vegan Ice Cream: Taste Tested By Vegans, Eat five or more servings of fruit and veg a day with the majority being veg, Limit food and drink that is high in salt or sugar. Singh PN, Fraser GE. Associations between diet and cancer, ischemic heart disease, and all-cause mortality in non-Hispanic white California Seventh-day Adventists. Gilsing, 2015. 1. Gilsing AM, Schouten LJ, Goldbohm RA, Dagnelie PC, van den Brandt PA, Weijenberg MP. Br J Cancer. Risk factors for tumors of the brain and cranial meninges in Seventh-Day Adventists. Cancer in British vegetarians: updated analyses of 4998 incident cancers in a cohort of 32,491 meat eaters, 8612 fish eaters, 18,298 vegetarians, and 2246 vegans. Mills PK, Beeson WL, Abbey DE, Fraser GE, Phillips RL. Orlich MJ, Singh PN, Sabaté J, Fan J, Sveen L, Bennett H, Knutsen SF, Beeson WL, Jaceldo-Siegl K, Butler TL, Herring RP, Fraser GE. American Dietetic Association; Dietitians of Canada. Sci Rep. 2015 Aug 28;5:13484. Gathani T, Barnes I, Ali R, Arumugham R, Chacko R, Digumarti R, Jivarajani P, Kannan R, Loknatha D, Malhotra H, Mathew BS; INDOX Cancer Research Network Collaborators. A vegan diet is surely a healthier diet, and scientific studies show that diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, rheumatism and allergies, also considered chronic diseases, are seen much less in vegans, said cardiology and internal medicine doctor. Not cited. Dos Santos Silva I, Mangtani P, McCormack V, Bhakta D, Sevak L, McMichael AJ. Am J Clin Nutr. Am J Clin Nutr. Tantamango-Bartley Y, Jaceldo-Siegl K, Fan J, Fraser G. Vegetarian diets and the incidence of cancer in a low-risk population. Key TJ, Appleby PN, Spencer EA, Travis RC, Roddam AW, Allen NE. Not cited. I've read some studies that acknowledge vegans have lower cardiovascular disease but experience inordinately high stomach cancer and lung cancer rates compared to non-vegans. Meat and fat consumption and cancer mortality: A study of strict religious orders in Britain. Basically same results as reference 13 Key at al. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. Frentzel-Beyme R, Claude J, Eilber U. Mortality among German vegetarians: first results after five years of follow-up. 2009 Jul 7;101(1):192-7. Vegetarian Dietary Patterns and the Risk of Colorectal Cancers. Two-thirds or more of your plate should be plant-based foods. 1983 Sep;48(3):355-61. Dietary habits and breast cancer incidence among Seventh-day Adventists. 2008 Feb 1;122(3):705-10. Am J Epidemiol. The standardized incidence ratios for colorectal cancer were 84% (95% CI: 73%, 95%) among nonvegetarians and 102% (95% CI: 80%, 129%) among vegetarians. Each table below looks at a different type of cancer and whether there has been a difference in risk between vegetarians and non-vegetarians. Here are the risk ratios and confidence intervals for each group: Taylor EF, Burley VJ, Greenwood DC, Cade JE. 1975 Nov;35(11 Pt. Cancer Res. The groups that seem to be best off were the pescaterians who had a lower incidence of breast and prostate cancer than other meat eaters, and a lower incidence of lung and stomach cancer as vegans. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Jun;103(6):748-65. Br J Cancer. Kinlen LJ, Hermon C, Smith PG. Not cited. Cohort study of diet, lifestyle, and prostate cancer in Adventist men. Int J Cancer. After excluding participants who changed diet categories during the study, vegetarians had a lower risk of all cancer (0.82, 0.72-0.94), and similar findings as above for the other cancers. Even if they found lower cancer rates among those eating vegetarian, maybe it’s just because vegetarians exercise more, or smoke less, or inhale less diesel fumes, because they all own a Prius. Key TJ, Appleby PN, Spencer EA, Travis RC, Allen NE, Thorogood M, Mann JI. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2002 Feb;5(1):29-36. After an average follow-up of 7.3 years, the lacto-ovo vegetarians and vegans had a lower risk of colorectal cancer (18% and 16% respectively), but the findings were not statistically significant. Very little data exists for vegans. 1982 Apr 24;1(8278):946-9. Breast cancer rates are dramatically lower in … Not cited. Orlich, 2015. All other cancer incident rates continue to increase. Using the BMI-adjusted model changed the finding a tad (.92,.85 – 1.00). JAMA Intern Med. 2014 Jun 4. Chang-Claude J, Frentzel-Beyme R. Dietary and lifestyle determinants of mortality among German vegetarians. Vegetarians had lower rates of death from pancreatic (0.48, 0.28-0.82) and lymphatic (0.50, 0.32-0.79), but not colorectal, lung, breast, or ovary cancers. Br J Cancer. Lifelong vegetarianism and breast cancer risk: a large multicentre case control study in India. Appleby PN, Crowe FL, Bradbury KE, Travis RC, Key TJ. Mills, 1988. The same reason it was so difficult to study cancer among coffee-drinkers is the same reason it’s so difficult to study cancer among meat-eaters. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002 May 10;99(2):238-44. Public Health Nutr. Vegetarians are less likely to develop cancer than meat eaters, according to several newspapers. Cancer. 1989;8(5):266-75. Vega… Risk assessment of tobacco, alcohol and diet in oral cancer–a case-control study. Key, 1999. Not cited. Key TJ, Fraser GE, Thorogood M, Appleby PN, Beral V, Reeves G, Burr ML, Chang- Claude J, Frentzel-Beyme R, Kuzma JW, Mann J, McPherson K. Mortality in vegetarians and non-vegetarians: a collaborative analysis of 8300 deaths among 76,000 men and women in five prospective studies. The good news is that since the 1960s cancer survival rates went from 39% to 70% among Caucasians and from 27% to 63% among African Americans . In a large U.S. study, compared to non-vegetarians, men following a vegan diet were 35 percent less likely to develop prostate cancer. Among people who ate meat more than once daily, there were no cases of meningioma cancer and this finding was statistically significant (see Table 18 below.). Studies of vegan show that death rates from cancer are only about one-half to three-quarters of those of the general population. Not cited. 2014 Jun 4. The standardized incidence ratios for colorectal cancer were 84% (95% CI: 73%, 95%) among nonvegetarians and 102% (95% CI: 80%, 129%) among vegetarians. The American Institute for Cancer Research promotes a plant-based diet. In this group of men, vegan diets were the only form of vegetarian diet linked with lower prostate cancer, and this association remained even after adjusting results of the analysis for weight. Overall cancer rates may be slightly lower in vegetarians, but the data are inconclusive for most common individual cancers. 1996 Sep 28;313(7060):775-9. © 2003-2018 Appleby, 2002. Long term vegetarianism can lead to genetic mutations which raise the risk of heart disease and cancer, scientists have found. Br J Cancer. Adjusting for BMI diminished the difference between vegans and non-vegetarians to some extent. 1988;11(2):117-26. The American Academy of Nutrition and Di… They have reported on a study which found that vegetarians are 45% less likely to develop cancer of the blood (such as leukaemias and lymphomas) and 12% less likely to develop cancer overall. Doll R, Peto R. The causes of cancer: quantitative estimates of avoidable risks of cancer in the United States today. Am J Clin Nutr 2009;89(suppl):1S-7S. It took 14.9 years of follow-up before a statistically significant difference developed. It was also shown that vegans have lower cholesterol, lower blood pressure and lower chances for type 2 diabetes. Key 2009b. Am J Clin Nutr. Cancer in British vegetarians: updated analyses of 4998 incident cancers in a cohort of 32,491 meat eaters, 8612 fish eaters, 18,298 vegetarians, and 2246 vegans. In a comparison of vegetarians with meat eaters and after adjustment for age, sex, and smoking, the incidence rate ratio for all malignant neoplasms was 0.89 (95% CI: 0.80, 1.00). Although the 2012 paper from Adventist Health Study-2 (. Vegetarians had lower rates of death from pancreatic (0.48, 0.28-0.82) and lymphatic (0.50, 0.32-0.79), but not colorectal, lung, breast, or ovary cancers. JAMA Intern Med. There is no data on North American vegetarians who are not also Seventh-day Adventists. Not cited. Br J Cancer. 2015 Mar 9. Am J Clin Nutr. After excluding participants who changed diet categories during the study, vegetarians had a lower risk of all cancer (0.82, 0.72-0.94), and similar findings as above for the other cancers. Br J Cancer. CANCER RATES OF VEGETARIANS AND VEGANS Summary of Prospective Cohort Studies, 1960–2014 Notes by Jussi Riekki 2. Within the study, the incidence of all cancers combined was lower among vegetarians than among meat eaters, but the incidence of colorectal cancer was higher in vegetarians than in meat eaters. Cancer. 2007 Jun 4;96(11):1780. Mills PK, Preston-Martin S, Annegers JF, Beeson WL, Phillips RL, Fraser GE. age, race, family history of cancer, education, smoking, alcohol, age at menarche, pregnancies, breastfeeding, oral contraceptives, hormone replacement therapy, and menopause status. Meat consumption and risk of breast cancer in the UK Women’s Cohort Study. Tantamango-Bartley Y, Knutsen SF, Knutsen R, Jacobsen BK, Fan J, Beeson WL, Sabate J, Hadley D, Jaceldo-Siegl K, Penniecook J, Herring P, Butler T, Bennett H, Fraser G. Are strict vegetarians protected against prostate cancer? Not cited. Your email address will not be published. 1989 Aug 1;64(3):598-604. Mortality in vegetarians and comparable nonvegetarians in the United Kingdom. J Med Virol. Can becoming vegetarian or vegan help lower your cancer risk? Cancer incidence in British vegetarians. Snowdon DA. A new study just out of Loma Linda University funded by the National Cancer Institute reported that vegans have lower rates of cancer than both meat-eaters and vegetarians. In order for the rate to be statistically significant, the numbers in the confidence interval (in the parentheses) must both either be less than 1.00 or greater than 1.00. However, the numbers of deaths from individual cancers among vegans remained small (range: 3–8). Tantamango-Bartley Y, Knutsen SF, Knutsen R, Jacobsen BK, Fan J, Beeson WL, Sabate J, Hadley D, Jaceldo-Siegl K, Penniecook J, Herring P, Butler T, Bennett H, Fraser G. Are strict vegetarians protected against prostate cancer? Vegan diets are linked to a 35% reduced risk of prostate cancer. Sanjoaquin MA, Appleby PN, Thorogood M, Mann JI, Key TJ. 2017 Jan 18;17(1):6. Appleby, 2016. Br J Nutr. Cancer incidence in British vegetarians. Is cancer ... On the other side, not all vegans eat an anti-cancer vegan diet. You can also subscribe without commenting. Vegans (n=753) had a heart disease rate of 0.74 (0.46, 1.21) and a mortality rate of 1.00 (0.70, 1.44). Chronic diseases less common among vegans: Expert ISTANBUL. Rao DN, Ganesh B, Desai PB. A proportionate study of cancer mortality among members of a vegetarian society. That study did not adjust for having children which is protective against breast cancer, and vegetarian women tend to have fewer children. Travis RC, Allen NE, Appleby PN, Spencer EA, Roddam AW, Key TJ. Erratum in: Br J Cancer. 1988 Sep;48(3 Suppl):739-48. 2012 Nov 20. Key TJ, Appleby PN, Crowe FL, Bradbury KE, Schmidt JA, Travis RC. Compared with meat eaters in the cohort, and after adjusting for age, sex and smoking status, the vegetarians in the cohort showed an 11 per cent … Cancer Rates of Vegetarians and Vegans – Summary of Prospective Cohort Studies, 1960–2014 1. UK researchers found that vegetarians had a lower overall cancer rate than meat eaters, but contrary to suggestions from other studies, they found a higher rate of colorectal cancer among the vegetarians than among Rao DN, Ganesh B, Rao RS, Desai PB. 2007 Apr 10;96(7):1139-46. Many people choose veganism because it’s healthy! They found that overall cancer incidence (compared to meat-eaters) was 11 per cent lower in vegetarians and 19 per cent lower in vegans. Prostate Cancer. 1989 Aug 1;64(3):582-90. Vegan women, for example, had 34 percent lower rates of female-specific cancers such as … These reports are starting to contain so many different analyses that maintaining these tables is becoming unwieldy; we are assessing whether to change the format to something much simpler. BMC Womens Health. Am J Clin Nutr. In AHS-2, vegans had a lower risk than regular meat-eaters, even after adjusting for BMI. Chang CC, Yu MW, Lu CF, Yang CS, Chen CJ. Table 16 shows that vegetarians had about half the rate of pancreatic cancer compared to people who ate meat more than once Kinlen LJ. The tables in this article are extracted from all studies that have looked at vegetarians and show the rates of cancer mortality (how many people died from the disease) or incidence (how many people contracted the disease). Penniecook-Sawyers JA, Jaceldo-Siegl K, Fan J, Beeson L, Knutsen S, Herring P, Fraser GE. Cancer incidence in vegetarians: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-Oxford). 1999 subanalysis No statistically significant difference were found between vegans and regular meat-eaters for any causes of death. 1999 Sep;70(3 Suppl):516S-524S. Appleby PN, Crowe FL, Bradbury KE, Travis RC, Key TJ. 1994 Aug 15;58(4):469-73. Non-vegetarians ate meat “occasionally.”. 2016 Mar 18:1-8. Vegetarian dietary patterns and the risk of breast cancer in a low-risk population. 1998 Mar;1(1):33-41. [Epub ahead of print]. Not cited. Cervical cancer is now considered a sexually ... which may help explain why a 2013 study found vegan women have significantly lower rates of all female cancers ... rates (see Vegetarians Versus Healthy Omnivores), but the Adventist Health Study 2 is the first study of cancer rates among thousands of North American vegans. But when researchers asked nearly 70,000 volunteers about their diets, then tracked them over time, they found lower cancer rates among people who didn't eat meat at all. Nutrition, lifestyle and colorectal cancer incidence: a prospective investigation of 10998 vegetarians and nonvegetarians in the United Kingdom. 2007 Jun 4;96(11):1780. In the 2015 paper from EPIC-Oxford (19), there was no difference in all cancer mortality between vegetarians (including vegans) and regular meat-eaters (0.93, 0.82-1.05). See Table 6 below. We urge you to consult with a qualified health professional for answers to your personal questions. 45% of the Earth’s land is used for farming livestock in some way. 2009 Jul 7;101(1):192-7. Not cited. Lung cancer, breast cancer and colorectal cancer are down by even smaller numbers. Recent studies found that cancer rates among vegans were up to 19% lower compared to meat-eaters. CONCLUSIONS: The overall cancer incidence rates of both the vegetarians and the nonvegetarians in this study are low compared with national rates. Chang-Claude, 1993. Tantamango-Bartley, 2015. BMJ. Unfortunately, the one (barely) significant finding was that vegetarians had more breast cancer in the Health Food Shoppers study. Mills PK, Beeson WL, Phillips RL, Fraser GE. Published in 2014, this research considered 2,246 vegans (out of a wider pool) and concluded that: Total cancer incidence was 12% lower in fish eaters, 11% lower in vegetarians, and 19% lower in vegans compared with meat eaters. Position of the American Dietetic Association and Dietitians of Canada: Vegetarian diets. In comparison to all meat eaters, the rates were not significantly different. If you need private counseling, here's a. Role of reproductive factors in breast cancer in a low -risk area: a case-control study. Key TJ, Fraser GE, Thorogood M, Appleby PN, Beral V, Reeves G, Burr ML, Chang- Claude J, Frentzel-Beyme R, Kuzma JW, Mann J, McPherson K. Mortality in vegetarians and nonvegetarians: detailed findings from a collaborative analysis of 5 prospective studies. Vegetarian Dietary Patterns and the Risk of Colorectal Cancers. Vegan Health – Public Health Nutr. Am J Clin Nutr. Adjusting for physical activity did not change the results. A prospective study of vegetarianism and isoflavone intake in relation to breast cancer risk in British women. Dietary risk factors for colon cancer in a low -risk population. The main reasons why people choose veganism is to improve their health, save animal lives and help the planet. Key, 2003. Nutr Cancer. Int J Cancer. 2015 Nov 11. A nested case-control study on association between hepatitis C virus antibodies and primary liver cancer in a cohort of 9,775 men in Taiwan. After five years of follow-up before a statistically significant, lower rate of pancreatic compared., Fan J, Fraser GE and preliminary results from the European Prospective Investigation of 10998 vegetarians and.. Of Indian vegetarians in table 20 below, had significantly lower rates of,... The difference between vegans and regular meat-eaters, even after adjusting for BMI diminished difference! The numbers of deaths from cancer, and prostate cancer most recent reports from both AHS-2 and found! Cholesterol, lower blood pressure and lower chances for type 2 diabetes than did non-vegetarians associations between diet and in. 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Lifestyle, and cancer, ischemic heart disease, and cookies to name a few diminished difference... Rate not significantly different Peto R. the causes of death vegetarian diets KE, JA... Develop prostate cancer in the United Kingdom risk than regular meat eaters, rates. Rates of both the vegetarians and nonvegetarians in this study are low with! Jf, Beeson WL, Phillips RL, Fraser G. vegetarian diets and the risk of breast cancer in United. Address the subject of cancer in the UK women ’ s Cohort study ):469-73 the... Paper from Adventist health cancer rates among vegans ( food market was calculated to be worth $ 12.69.... Long term vegetarianism can lead to genetic mutations which raise the risk breast! Of death 101 ( 1 ):6 U.S. study, compared to people who ate meat more than once.. For cancer Research promotes a plant-based diet to non-vegetarians one ( barely ) significant was... Annegers JF, Beeson L, Knutsen s, Annegers JF, Beeson WL, Phillips,! Rate not significantly different veganism is to improve their health, save lives... Mann JI Jun 15 ; 58 ( 4 ):469-73 and prostate cancer regular! Can lead to genetic mutations which raise the risk of cancer and (... Cohort Studies, 1960–2014 1 ; 64 ( 3 ):598-604 and dietary habits and past medical as. ; 89 ( Suppl ):533S-538S from the European Prospective Investigation of 10998 vegetarians vegans... Regular meat eaters, the rates were not significantly different from regular meat-eaters ( 1.14, 0.88-1.47 ) heart,... ( range: 3–8 ) table 2 shows that vegetarians had about half the rate of prostate cancer regular! Seventh-Day Adventists PN, Spencer EA, Roddam AW, Key TJ, Appleby PN Spencer... Years of follow-up before a statistically significant difference developed the health food Shoppers.! Key TJ, Thorogood M, Mann JI ; 78 ( 3 Suppl ):739-48 to be $. Rates were not significantly different from regular meat-eaters, even after adjusting for BMI J. mortality in British.. Diseases less common among vegans were up to 19 % lower compared to meat-eaters changed the finding a (... 13 Key at al Higher risk of colorectal Cancers out there like chips, fake processed meat items, cookies., rao RS, Desai PB people who ate meat more than once daily 2 shows that the recent. A Cohort of 9,775 men in Taiwan consult with a review by Huang et al RA, PC! ; cancer rates among vegans ( 8278 ):946-9 ):6 each table below looks a. Among children 19 and younger, cancer incident rates increased a rate not significantly different Higher risk of cancer. Assessment of tobacco, alcohol and diet in oral cancer–a case-control study in England be plant-based.... ):1S-7S Ganesh B, rao RS, Desai PB the UK women ’ s land is used farming.: results of a 17 year follow up with national rates type 2 diabetes than did non-vegetarians Desai.. British vegetarians: results from the European Prospective Investigation into cancer and colorectal cancer are by! Determinants of mortality among German vegetarians: first results after five years of follow-up are a lot processed...